Because of the dramatic changes that occur in the renal system during pregnancy, urinary tract infections are common (UTI). The uterus sits directly on top of the urinary bladder and as the uterus grows, its increased weight puts pressure on the bladder therefore blocking drainage. Pregnant women are at risk starting on the 6^th week onwards. These infections pose a risk to both mother and the fetus; thus the prevention and early treatment are essential.

Here are the signs and symptoms when you have a urinary tract infection:

• Pain, discomfort and burning when urinating
• Feeling of urgency when you urinate
• Blood or mucus in the urine
• Urine that looks cloudy and smells foul
• Pain in the lower part of the abdomen
• Change in the amount of the urine, either more or less
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• When infection reaches the kidneys, you may have back pains, chills and nausea and vomiting

The pregnant woman must have a complete understanding of good hand washing techniques before and after urinating. It is advisable to wipe from front to back and use soft, absorbent toilet tissue, preferably white and unscented.  Harsh, scented or printed toilet paper may cause irritation. Bubble bath or other bath oils should be avoided because these can cause irritation as well. Women should wear underpants and panty hose with a cotton crotch and avoid wearing tight-fitting slacks or jeans for long periods; anything that allows the buildup of heat and moisture in the genital area may foster the growth of bacteria.

Pregnant women should not limit fluid intake in an effort to reduce the frequency of urination. Instead, she must consume enough fluids at least 2 liters everyday to maintain an adequate fluid intake that ensures frequent urination.

Take in enough vitamin C. It makes the urinary tract less hospitable to bacteria by lowering the pH of the urine. The consumption of yogurt and acidophilus milk may also help in the prevention of UTI’s. Although cranberry juice is often recommended, that sold to consumers is too dilute to lower the pH of the urine.

Women are also advised not to ignore the urge to urinate because holding urine lengthens the time bacteria are in the bladder and allows them to multiply. Planning ahead is recommended especially when you are faced with situations that may normally require them to delay urination (ex.  long car ride). Bacteria can also be introduced during sexual intercourse; women are advised to urinate before and after intercourse, and then drink a large glass of water to promote additional urination.

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